ANALISIS PENGARUH TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN, JUMLAH PENDUDUK DAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI TERHADAP INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2019-2023

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of education level, population size, and economic growth on the Human Development Index (HDI) in Indonesia for the period 2019–2023. Panel data were obtained from 34 provinces based on BPS sources. The analysis employed panel data regression through descriptive tests, classical assumption tests, and model selection using the Chow, Hausman, and Lagrange Multiplier tests. The results indicate that education and economic growth have a positive and significant effect on HDI, while population size has a positive but not significant effect. Simultaneously, the three variables have a significant effect with an R² value of 0.9809, meaning that 98.09% of the variation in HDI can be explained by the model. These findings highlight the importance of improving education, managing population growth, and fostering inclusive economic growth to promote human development in Indonesia.
Keywords: HDI, Education, Population, Economic Growth, Panel Data