Pengaruh Indeks Perilaku Anti Korupsi, Biaya Publik, dan Polusi Udara terhadap Ketimpangan Pendapatan di Indonesia
Abstract
[11.41, 25/9/2025] Fadhan Bimbingan 2024: This study analyzes the effect of the Anti-Corruption Behavior Index (IPAK), public expenditure, and air pollution on income inequality in Indonesia. Panel data from 34 provinces during 2020–2024 were used, with analysis conducted using the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) selected based on Chow and Hausman tests. The results show that IPAK has a positive and significant effect on inequality, public expenditure has a negative and significant effect, while air pollution has a positive but insignificant effect. Simultaneously, the three variables influence income inequality. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening governance, improving public spending effectiveness, and enhancing environmental control policies to reduce inequality.
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