PERLINDUNGAN PENDUDUK SIPIL DI DAERAH KONFLIK BERSENJATA RUSIA-UKRAINA 2022 DITINJAU DARI KONVENSI JANEWA IV

Abstract

ABSTRACT The protection of the civilian population is regulated in the IV Geneva Convention, this protection includes general protection (general protection). Russia entered into an armed conflict with Ukraine so that 6.9 million Ukrainians fled to European countries to avoid armed conflict. Problem Formulation 1) How is civil protection regulated in areas of armed conflict according to the IV Geneva Convention? 2) How is the juridical study of the protection of civilians in the Russian-Ukrainian armed conflict area reviewed from the IV Geneva Convention? This research was conducted in a normative juridical manner. By using primary legal materials, namely: Geneva Convention IV of 1949, secondary legal materials consist of books, research results, scientific papers related to research and other literature, data are analyzed qualitatively. Based on research 1) Protection of civilians regulated in Geneva Convention IV is not the same as "protected persons" regulated in Geneva Conventions I, II, and III whose protection is aimed at combatants or people who take part in wars/conflicts, while protection for civilians civilians, intended for people who do not participate in hostilities (Article 27 Geneva Convention IV 1949) 2) The Russian state carries out attacks in military areas and strategic defense areas belonging to the Ukrainian State and Russia does not attack or carry out attacks on Ukrainian civilians. Because in every attack that Russia will carry out on Ukraine, Russia always informs the Ukrainian population to leave the area where war will occur, by showing the evacuation area for the Ukrainian population. So the Russian-Ukrainian armed conflict in practice complies with the provisions of the 1949 Geneva Convention IV