KAJIAN YURIDIS ILLEGAL FISHING KAPAL IKAN CHINA DI ZONA EKONOMI EKSKLUSIF (ZEE) NATUNA UTARA DITINJAU DARI UNCLOS 1982

Abstract

ABSTRAK Illegal fishing refers to fishing activities that violate laws and regulations in the fisheries. The Indonesian government has established legal regulations, including the ratification of UNCLOS 1982 through Laws Number 17 of 1985, Number 5 of 1983, Number 6 of 1996, and Number 45 of 2009. These measures aim to regulate and provide legal certainty in Indonesian territorial waters, particularly in the North Natuna EEZ. The problem is 1) What are the illegal fishing activities carried out by Chinese fishing vessels in the North Natuna Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)? 2) How is the juridical study of illegal fishing by Chinese fishing vessels in the North Natuna Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in terms of UNCLOS 1982? This normative juridical research utilizes secondary data from literature studies, analysed qualitatively. The result is 1) China’s illegal fishing in the North Natuna EEZ (2016-2020) led to tension with Indonesia due to territorial claim differences. This activity negatively impacted the economy, ecology, and local fishermen. Indonesia responded with legal measures, including national law enforcement and regional cooperation to protect marine resources and territorial sovereignty. 2) Juridical studies on illegal fishing by Chinese vessels in the North Natuna EEZ underscore violations of Indonesia’s rights based on UNCLOS 1982, resulting in economic, environmental, social, and political tensions. Law enforcement efforts involve international and national law, as well as international cooperation. The Indonesian government has implemented preventive regulations, law enforcement measures, cooperation with fishermen, and PSM to combat IUU Fishing.