PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP WARTAWAN YANG BERTUGAS DI WILAYAH KONFLIK DITINJAU DARI HUKUM HUMANITER (STUDI KASUS WARTAWAN YANG TEWAS DALAM PERANG RUSIA-UKRAINA)

Abstract

ABSTRACT Journalists who are in the area of international armed conflict have a very important task, they convey information to the world about the events taking place at the site of the conflict. Journalists covering areas of international armed conflict often face dangerous risks while performing their duties. They may be victims of military attacks or other acts of violence. Article 4 of Geneva Convention III of 1949. Although journalists have the right stipulated in the 1949 Geneva Conventions to work in conflict areas, they must comply with some restrictions when performing their work. Such limits are usually based on state interests (especially in terms of safety) or related personal needs, which are advantageous if informed to the public. Problem statement: 1) What are the arrangements for the protection of journalists under International Humanitarian Law?, 2) What protections does the Russian-Ukrainian state provide to protect journalists serving in conflict zones? This study used normative juridical methods, with secondary data sources. Document study data collection techniques. Data analysis is carried out qualitatively. The results of the study: 1) are regulated in Article 4A (4) of Geneva Convention III 1949, Article 79 Additional Protocol I 1977, the Charter of the United Nations and ICRC. 2) Russia is a signatory to the 1949 Geneva Conventions covering journalists working in conflict areas and Ukraine provides specialized training to journalists working in conflict areas to improve their understanding of security risks.