ATURAN PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP PENDUDUK SIPIL UKRAINA DARI KEJAHATAN PERANG YANG DILAKUKAN RUSIA DITINJAU DARI KONVENSI JENEWA 1949

Abstract

ABSTRACK The rules for the protection of civilians are regulated in the 1949 Geneva Convention on the protection of civilians in times of war, although there are already rules regarding war, Russia has attacked the Ukrainian civilian population which caused many victims from the attack, especially victims affected the Ukrainian civilian population from the war. The problem is formulated as follows: 1) How are the regulations for the protection of civilians against war crimes according to the 1949 Geneva Convention? 2) How is the legal study of the form of war crimes committed by Russia against Ukrainian civilians reviewed from the 1949 Geneva Convention? This type of research is conducted in a normative legal manner using secondary data sources, data collection methods through literature studies using secondary data and using qualitative data analysis. The results of this study 1) Protection of civilians from war crimes is regulated in the Fourth Geneva Convention aimed at people who do not participate in hostilities (Article 27 of the Fourth Geneva Convention 1949, while other rules on protected persons are regulated in the First, Second, and Third Geneva Conventions. 2) Russia has committed war crimes against Ukraine in the form of violations by carrying out attacks that resulted in many civilian casualties, in addition there was also a lot of torture, violence and harassment carried out by Russia against Ukrainian civilians. As it should be those who did not participate in the war but instead became targets of violence and even became victims of the war. It is very clear that Russia violated the rules of Humanitarian Law contained in the 1949 Geneva Convention.