KAJIAN YURIDIS TERHADAP INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION (IOM) DALAM MENANGANI PERDAGANGAN MANUSIA DI INDONESIA (Studi Kasus Pemulangan 35 Warga Negara Indonesia Korban TPPO Terkait Judi Online di Filipina)

Abstract

Human trafficking is a complex and evolving form of transnational crime, particularly prevalent in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. The dynamics of globalization and the increasing mobility of people have made this practice more difficult to combat, thus requiring international cooperation and the involvement of global organizations. Indonesia, as a party to the Palermo Convention, has adopted its principles through Law Number 21 of 2007 on the Eradication of the Crime of Human Trafficking. However, the implementation of national regulations alone is insufficient, making the role of international organizations such as the International Organization for Migration (IOM) highly significant.This research aims to analyze the regulation of the Palermo Convention and the support of IOM in addressing human trafficking in Indonesia, as well as to examine the cooperation between IOM and the Government of Indonesia through the case study of the repatriation of 35 Indonesian citizens who were victims of trafficking in persons (TIP) linked to online gambling in the Philippines. The method used is normative legal research with a literature-based approach, utilizing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, analyzed qualitatively. The findings reveal that the Palermo Convention provides an international legal foundation for Indonesia in strengthening its anti-trafficking efforts. IOM plays a crucial role in supporting the implementation of these provisions by offering technical assistance, protection, repatriation, rehabilitation, and social reintegration of victims. The case of the repatriation of 35 Indonesian citizens from the Philippines demonstrates bilateral and multilateral cooperation between the Indonesian Government, the Indonesian Embassy in Manila, Interpol, and humanitarian support from IOM. This collaboration highlights a multi-stakeholder approach that focuses not only on prosecuting perpetrators but also on restoring the dignity of victims in accordance with human rights principles