KAJIAN YURIDIS KONVENSI NEW YORK 1997 DALAM PENANGGULANGAN KEJAHATAN TERORISME

Abstract

Terrorism is a serious threat to international peace and security. In facing this threat, the international community has formed various legal instruments, one of which is the International Convention for the Eradication of Terrorist Bombing (New York Convention 1997). Problem formulation 1) How is the analysis of terrorism crimes according to the 1997 New York Convention? 2) How is the analysis of cases of hambali terrorism crimes according to international law? This research aims to juridically examine the provisions of the 1997 New York Convention and its role in combating terrorist crimes. The research method used is normative juridic with a legislative approach and analysis of convention implementation practices in national law. The 1997 New York Convention specifically regulates bombings carried out in public places with the intention of causing fear, great damage, or casualties. This Convention requires state parties to criminalize such actions, apply the principle of aut dedere aut judicare (extradition or prosecution), and strengthen international cooperation in prevention and enforcement efforts. In addition, this convention also emphasizes that political, religious, or ideological motives cannot be used as an excuse to justify acts of terrorism. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the 1997 New York Convention has a strategic position in the international legal system as a strong legal basis to overcome terrorism crimes. However, its effectiveness is highly dependent on the commitment of the countries in adopting and implementing the provisions of the convention into their respective national laws consistently and thoroughly.