TINDAK TUTUR DEKLARASI BAHASA MINANGKABAU PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA DI PASAR LUBUK BUAYA PADANG

Abstrak

In communicating, there are several things that must be considered, among others; speaker, interlocutor, subject, situation and place of speech. Speakers in communicating must pay attention to who is speaking, what is the subject, where the place is spoken, and how the situation is. One of the native languages used in communication for people in West Sumatra is the Minangkabau language. The Minangkabau language also functions as a cultural development tool in the Minangkabau region, as a symbol of nationality in the West Sumatra region, as an identity of the Minangkabau community and as an oral communication tool in the Minangkabau region. The forms of speech that are commonly found, in accordance with the context of the conversation, are speech acts carried out by street vendors and buyers when buying and selling in the market. Nugraha (2017: 14) states that pragmatics is a branch of linguistics that examines speakers to adjust sentences spoken according to the context so that communication can run smoothly. Agustina (2014: 49-50) states speech acts are part of speech events. Speech acts and speech events are two symptoms found in a process, namely the communication process. Yule (2006: 83-84) states that speech contains three interrelated acts. Yule (2006: 92-94) classifies illocutionary speech acts into five types, namely declaration speech acts, representative speech acts, expressive speech acts, directive speech acts, and commissive speech acts. research has also been carried out by Mursia Ekawati (2017), accessed from Adabiyyat: Journal of Language and Literature, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Tidar University researching with the title "Pseudo Politeness in Angry Expressive Speech Acts in Indonesian." The results of this study refer to speech acts angry expressive. While the research conducted by the researcher is entitled "The Speech Declaration of the Minangkabau Language of Street Vendors at Lubuk Buaya Market in Padang."

This type of research is a qualitative study that produces descriptive data. The research data is in the form of declaration utterances spoken by speakers and interlocutors in the buying and selling process, while the object of this research is traders in the Lubuk Buaya market in Padang. The steps taken in analyzing the data are (1) Identifying and classifying the overall form of declaration speech acts found in street vendors in Lubuk Buaya Market in Padang during the bargaining process, (2) Analyzing the types of declaration speech acts which include: deciding 55 %, cancel 6%, ban 5%, and allow 34.5%, (3) Conclude.

In this research, there are four forms of declaration speech acts that come to street vendors in Lubuk Buaya market in Padang, namely: deciding speech acts, canceling speech acts, prohibiting speech acts, and allowing speech acts as well as finding declaration speech acts. at a street vendor. The speech acts most often used by traders in the market are deciding speech acts while the least is prohibiting speech acts.

This research can be used as a reference for students to be able to add insight to students by knowing whether or not polite language in the external environment and can be a reference for teachers to become language learning material.