The Effect of Using Problem Based Learning Model Using Ice Breaking on Mathematics Learning Outcomes of Grade III Students of SDN 008/XI Kota Sungai Penuh

Abstrak

This research is motivated by the low mathematics learning outcomes of grade III students of SDN 008/XI Kota Sungai Penuh and the lack of use of interactive media during learning. Mathematics learning still faces major challenges. Mathematics learning is often considered difficult and frightening by students, resulting in students' ability to understand abstract concepts in mathematics is still lacking. In addition, mathematics learning is still not related to real life, so students find it difficult to understand the direct benefits of the material being studied. As a result, many students lose interest in learning mathematics, especially because of the perception that mathematics is a difficult and frightening subject. Therefore, the application of interesting, relevant and enjoyable learning models is increasingly important to overcome these obstacles and help students achieve better understanding. From the results of the researcher's observation with one of the teachers of class III A SDN 008/XI Kota Sungai Penuh, Mrs. Yarni Amir, S.Pd, it was obtained information that during the learning process, students did not listen to the teacher's explanation, and the lack of student activity in learning was still lacking, interaction between teachers and students, students with students rarely occurred during the learning process. Some students lacked the teacher's attention when explaining learning materials and during the learning process, students were also found to be chatting with their deskmates, so that when the teacher gave students the opportunity to ask questions, students did not use it properly, they only chose to be silent and when asked to do assignments, students only copied answers from friends without wanting to discuss with their friends to solve the problem. This shows that the interaction that takes place between students and students in the learning process is still lacking, when class discussions were held only a few students were active, some other students only acted as listeners and did not want to express their opinions. Based on the problems that have been explained, the low learning outcomes of students in mathematics learning are caused by the difficulty of students in understanding the material, which is influenced by conventional methods and the minimal use of interactive media. In class IIIA, although teachers have tried to apply the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model and use visual media, student learning outcomes have not shown significant improvement. Meanwhile, in class IIIB. the PBL model has not been applied, so the teaching approach is still traditional. Teachers also provide less space for students to think critically and have not maximized innovative learning media, so that students become less active and are not trained to solve problems independently. This problem shows the need for innovation in teaching methods that are more interesting and relevant to improve student understanding and learning outcomes. According to Hosnan (2014:298) that "Problem Based Learning (PBL) is learning that uses real (authentic) problems that are unstructured and open as a context for students to develop problem-solving and critical thinking skills and at the same time build new knowledge. According to Fadilah (2023:3), Learning media is a tool that can be used to help the learning process to be more effective and optimal. At this time the learning process is not only limited to books and blackboards, because currently there are many learning media that can be used by teachers. Learning media is everything that is a link between teachers and students in delivering learning materials according to Ramli (2018:5). Learning media includes all physical equipment and materials used by instructors, lecturers, teachers, tutors or other educators in carrying out learning and facilitating the achievement of learning objectives (Yaumi, 2017:5). This type of research is an experimental research, which based on Sugiyono's opinion (2024:111) states that "The experimental method is a quantitative research method used to determine the effect of independent variables (treatments) on dependent variables (results) under controlled conditions". The reason for choosing experimental research is to test the positive effect of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model supported by Ice Breaking media on student learning outcomes. By using an experimental group that applies the PBL model using Ice Breaking and a control group using the Conventional Model, it can systematically compare the differences in learning outcomes resulting from the two treatments. This experimental study uses a "posttest-only control design" design. To prove the positive influence of the problem based learning model using Ice Breaking, several stages of testing were carried out, namely, normality test, homogeneity test and hypothesis test. However, before conducting hypothesis tests and others, the final student test was first tested in elementary schools that had the same KKTP (Learning Objective Completion Criteria). In this study, a trial was conducted at SD 036/XI Paling Serumpun.