INTONASI BAHASA MINANGKABAU DIALEK PASAMAN TIMUR: STUDI KASUS DI KECAMATAN PANTI KABUPATEN PASAMAN

Abstrak

This research aimed to describe patterns of intonation in interrogative sentence, declarative sentences, and imperative sentence. Dialects of Pasaman Timur that located in Kejorongan Petok, Kecamatan Panti, Kabupaten Pasaman. The opinion of Ayup Asni (1993) concerning grammar Minangkabau is used as supporting theory, Abdul Chaer (2003) on general linguistics, Masnur Muslich (2009) in Indonesian phonology, and Ngusman (2009) about the syntax. This research is a qualitative study using speaking methods, which provides data in the form of a conversation between researcher and informant. The data of this study is the interrogative sentence speech, speech deklarative sentences, and imperative sentence of Minangkabau language dialect Pasaman timur Kejorongan Petok, kecamatan panti, kabupaten Pasaman. The results of the data analysis and discussion are as follows. First, intonation patterns in the data of interrogative sentence in Minangkabau language, Pasaman timur, there are 9 intonation patterns of interrogative sentence based on the number of syllables in interrogative sentence, consisting of 3 syllables have intonation symbol /2 2/3/3#, 5 syllables have intonation symbol /2/2 2/2 3#, 6 syllables /2 2 2/ 2 2/ 3#, 8 syllables /2 2/2 1/2 2/2 3#, 9 syllables /2 2 3/ 2 2/ 3 2 1 2/ 3#, 10 syllables /2 2 2 1/ 2 1/ 1 2/ 2 3#, 11 syllables /2 1/ 2 1 3/2/ 2 1 1/ 2 3#, 12 syllables /2 2 1/2 2/1 1 1/ 3 3/2 3#, and 13 syllables have intonnation symbol /2 1 2/2 2 2/ 2 3/2 2/2 3#. In pattern intonation of news sentence there are 13 pattern intonation deklarative sentence based on the numbers of syllable of news sentence, consist of 2 syllables have intonation symbo l/3/1#, 5 syllable have intonation symbol /2 2 1/3 1#, 6 syllables /2 2 2/2 3 1#, 7 syllables /2 2/2/2 1/3 1#, 8 syllables /2 2/2 3/2 2/3 1#, 9 syllables /2 2 3/2 2 3/2 3 1#, 10 syllables 2 2 2/2/1 2 3/3 1 1#, 11 syllables 2 2 2/1 2 2/2 3 1/3 1#, 12 syllables 2/2 3/2 3/3 2/2/3 3/ 3/1#, 13 syllables /2 2/3/2 2/3 1/3/2 2/2 3 1#, 16 syllables /2 1 2/1/1 2 1/2 3/3 1 3 1 1/3 1#, 17 syllables /2 3 2/3 2/2 1/2 1/3 2 1 1/3/3 1 1#, and 19 syllables /2/2 3/2 2/2 3/3 1/2 1/2 1/ 2 1 3/ 2 3/1#. Pattern of intonation in the data of imperative sentence are 10 pattern, based on the numbers of syllables of imperative sentence, consist of 4 syllables that have intonation symbol /2 2/ 3 3#, 5 syllables /2 2 2/ 3 3 3#, 6 syllables /2 2/ 2 2/ 3 3#, 7 syllables /2- 2-/2/3 3#, 8 syllables /2 2/2 2/2/3/3 3#, 9 syllables /2 2/2 2/3 2/3/3 3#, 10 syllables /3 2 2/ 2 1/ 2 2/ 1/3 3#, 11 syllables /2 2/ 2 2/ 2 3/ 3 2 1/ 3 3#, 12 syllables /2 2 1/ 1/ 2 3/3 2 1/ 2 3/3#, and 14 syllables have intonation symbol /3 2/ 2 2/ 2 1/3 3/ 2 3/ 3 3# .From general of Minangkabau language, the intonation pattern in interrogative sentence have intonation pattern //2 3//3 1 2 3//. Intonation pattern in deklarative sentence have intonation symbol //2 3//2 3 1//. And intonation patterrn in imperative sentence have intonation symbol //2 3// 3 2 1#.

Key Words: syllables, pattern of intonation