“SINTESIS KATALIS BIOMASSA DARI TEMPURUNG KELAPA YANG DIAPLIKASIKAN DALAM PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL MINYAK JELANTAH”

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Biomass catalyst has many advantages such as its availability which is mostly agricultural waste, low cost and stability at high pressure and temperature. This research synthesized biomass catalyst from coconut shell which was impregnated using active phase (KOH and NaOH) with pelurut (water and methanol). This is because the coconut shell has a lot of micropores, low ash content, high water solubility and high reactivity. This research aims to study the synthesis of suitable coconut shell biomass catalysts in making biodiesel from used cooking oil and to study the performance of the development catalysts produced for making biodiesel from used cooking oil. The results of the catalyst synthesis produced four types of development catalysts which will be applied in making biodiesel from waste cooking oil, the four development catalysts are (NaOH + water) as catalyst 1, (NaOH + methanol) as catalyst 2, (KOH + water) as catalyst 3, and (KOH + methanol) as catalyst 4. Of the four development catalysts, catalyst 2 was chosen for the process of making biodiesel because it contains a small% FFA compared to other catalysts which is 0.91%. This research conducted the making of biodiesel on catalyst 2 by varying the amount of methanol (1.5; 1.7 and 1.9 (v / v)), the catalyst mass (1%, 3% and 5% (w / v)), time reaction (1, 3 and 5 hours) and catalyst reuseability. From the results of the research that has been carried out obtained the best conditions at the reaction time of 1 hour, the amount of methanol 1.7 (v / v) and the catalyst mass of 1% (w / v) with the resulting yield of 88.20%. Reuseability of the catalyst can be done 3 times and the yield of biodiesel yield produced is not too significant and the quality of biodiesel such as FFA, density and water content have met the SNI biodiesel standards.

 

Keywords: Biomass Catalyst, Coconut Shell,% FFA, Yield, Biodiesel