Pembuatan Arang Aktif Dari Kulit Durian dan Pengaplikasian Sebagai Katalis Heterogen Pada Proses Hidrolisis Tepung Biji Durian_arintika putri

Abstract

Durian ( Durio zibhetinus ) is a fruit that has a very distinctive aroma. During durian season, environmental problems occur as a result of the waste of the peel and seeds themselves which are considered to have no economic value. Durian peel have an abundance of starch content of 45.85 %, so the material is able to be processed and fermented to produce bioethanol and on durian peel has the most cellulose content which is 50 - 60% and lignin 5%. The high carbon content on durian peel can turn durian peel into a more useful product as an example of activated charcoal. This condition is the motivation to study the characterization and quality of active charcoal from durian peel in accordance with SNI standard 06-3730-1995 on the standard of quality of active charcoal, as well as the application of active charcoal as a heterogeneous catalyst in the hydrolysis process of durian seed flour. The first step in making active charcoal from durian peel is to make durian charcoal by cleaning durian peel first from dirty materials such as soil and gravel. Durian peel then dry it in the sun, and the dry durian peel burn with a carbonisator at a temperature of 320℃for 2 hours. The second step is charcoal combustion soaked with the chemical H2SO4 (Content 15%) for 12-24 hours to become charcoal active. Next, the active carbon do the washing with clean water so that the dirt or material can be separated. The wet active charcoal is spread on a shelf at room temperature to drain, then dried in the oven at 110 oC for 3 hours. The application of durian peel active charcoal as a catalyst in the hydrolysis process produces glucose levels of 176 ml/dl, with optimum conditions obtained namely the number of active charcoal catalysts of 4 grams, the heating temperature at 90oC and the time of 240 minutes.