Mutu Ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) yang Dipasarkan di Kota Padang
Abstract
Kota Padang sebagai ibu Kota Provinsi Sumatera Barat cukup banyak ditemukan pedagang ikan Tongkol segar, mulai dari Tempat Pendaratan Ikan (TPI), pasar tradisional sampai dengan pedagang keliling. Tingkat konsumsi ikan Tongkol relatif cukup tinggi. Berkenaan dengan hal tersebut telah dilakukan uji mutu ikan Tongkol pada bulan Maret - April 2017 menggunakan metode deskriptif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mutu ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) yang dipasarkan di Kota Padang berdasarkan uji organoleptik, mikrobiologis dan cemaran logam. Sampel diambil secara purposive sampling pada 15 tempat dari TPI, pasar tradisional dan pedagang keliling di kota Padang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan Tongkol yang dijual di TPI, pasar, dan pedagang keliling memiliki nilai rata-rata organoleptik 7,5, 8,3 dan 6,8, nilai Angka Lempeng Total 1,1 x 105, 2,6 x 105, dan 1,4 x 105, nilai Angka Paling Mungkin (APM) Escherichia coli yaitu 0,2, 2,6 dan 1, kadar kadmium (Cd) 0,05 µg/kg, 0,03 µg/kg, 0,01 µg/kg dan kadar Timbal (Pb) yaitu 1,5 µg/kg, 1,9 µg/kg dan 1,9 µg/kg. Berdasarkan uji organoleptik, ALT, cemaran bakteri E.coli, dan kadar Cd, ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) di Kota Padang berada pada batas aman konsumsi yang ditetapkan dalam Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) yaitu (7,0), ( 5,0 x 105), (<3) dan (0,1 µg/kg). Tapi untuk kandungan Timbal (Pb), 100 % sampel melewati batas aman yang ditetapkan SNI yaitu 0,3 µg/kg.
Kata kunci : Ikan Tongkol, logam berat, mikrobiologi, organoleptik
ABSTRACT
Padang city as the capital of West Sumatera province quite much be found the fish seller, start from Fish Landing Site (TPI), traditional market and peddlers. The consumption level of little Tuna is relatively high. With regard to this reason, the analysis of the quality of little Tuna was carried out on March to April 2017 using descriptive method. The purpose of this study was to analyzed the quality of little Tuna (Euthynnus affinis) sold in Padang city, based on organoleptic and microbiology analysis, and heavy metal contamination. The samples were collected by purposive sampling at 15 place from TPI, traditional market and peddlers in Padang city. The result showed that litlle Tuna sold in TPI, traditional market and peddlers have organoleptic values 7,5, 8,3 and 6,8 respectively, the Total Plate Count (ALT) were 1,1 x 105, 2,6 x 105, and 1,4 x 105APM/gr respectively, Escherichia coli results were 0,2, 2,6, and 1 APM/gr respectively, the cadmium (Cd) levels were 0,05 µg/kg, 0,03 µg/kg, and 0,01 µg/kg respectively, and lead (Pb) levels were 1,5 µg/kg, 1,9 µg/kg and 1,9 µg/kg respectively. Based on organoleptic analysis, ALT, bacteria contamination of E.coli, and the level of cadmium (Cd), the little Tuna (Euthynnus affinis) from padang city is still safe for human consumption according to Indonesian National Standard (SNI) which are the values (7,0), ( 5,0 x 105), (<3) and (0,1 µg/kg). However, lead (Pb) level, 100% above the SNI limit standard which are 0,3 µg/kg.
