STUDI MUTU IKAN BILIH (Mystacoleucus padangensis) ASAP DI BEBERAPA PASAR KOTA PADANG

Abstract

Abstrak

Penelitian tentang studi mutu ikan Bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis) asap di beberapa pasar kota Padang telah selesai dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik mutu ikan Bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis) asap di beberapa pasar kota Padang ditinjau dari kandungan proksimat (kadar protein, kadar lemak, kadar air, kadar abu dan kadar karbohidrat), organoleptik, bahan pengawet berbahaya (formalin dan boraks), kadar garam, ketengikan,  dan warna. Hasil penelitian diperoleh rata-rata kadar protein, lemak, air, abu, dan karbohidrat masing-masing adalah 24,30%, 14,88%, 6,17%, 11,88%, dan 42,77%. Uji organoleptik diperoleh rata-rata skor yaitu kenampakan 7,40, bau 7,64, rasa 7,24, tekstur 7,40 dan jamur 9,00. Uji boraks menunjukkan bahwa ikan Bilih asap tidak mengandung boraks, sedangkan pada uji formalin ikan Bilih asap mengandung formaldehid. Kadar garam menunjukkan nilai rata-rata sebesar 4,65%. Nilai Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA) menunjukkan nilai rata-rata sebesar 1,98 mg MDA/Kg. Uji warna diperoleh nilai rata-rata kecerahan (L*) sebesar 21,04, kemerahan (a*) sebesar 3,01 dan kekuningan (b*) sebesar 5,30.

Kata kunci : ikan Bilih, asap, mutu, pasar, kota Padang

Abstract

Research on study the quality of the smoked Bilih fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis) in some markets of Padang city have been completed. The purpose of this study is to find out the quality of the smoked Bilih fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis) in some markets of Padang city in terms of proximate composition (protein, fat, moisture, ash and carbohydrate), organoleptic, harmful preservatives (formaldehyde and borax), salinity, rancidity, and colours. The results was obtained the average levels of protein 24.30%, fat 14.88%, moisture 6.17%, ash 11.88%, and carbohydrate 42.77% respectively. The organoleptic test obtained the average score of appearance 7.40, smell 7.64, taste 7.24, texture 7.40, and mold 9.00 respectively. The results showed that the smoked Bilih fish does not contain from borax, while in the formalin test contain formaldehyde. Salinity showed an average value is 4.65%. The Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA) value showed that the average value 1.98 mg MDA/kg. The colours obtained the average value of lightness (L *) 21.04, redness (a *) 3.01, and yellowness (b *) 5.30.

Keywords: Bilih fish, smoked, quality, market, Padang city