ANALISIS TEKNIS DAN EKONOMIS USAHA BUDIDAYA IKAN HIAS MAS KOI (Cyprinus carpio Linn) DI KOTA PADANG SUMATERA BARAT

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa kelayakan teknis dan ekonomis usaha budidaya ikan hias Mas Koi di kota Padang Sumatera Barat. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 7 bulan yakni bulan Agustus 2015 - Maret 2016. Lokasi penelitian ini ditetapkan dengan sengaja (purposive) berdasarkan ketersediaan data dari data survei penyuluh perikanan Kota Padang. Berdasarkan analisis teknis pada 5 lokasi, disimpulkan bahwa 4 lokasi usaha budidaya layak untuk dikembangkan. Harga pasar ikan hias Mas Koi di Kota Padang rata-rata Rp 1.200/ekor  untuk ukuran 3-5 cm, Rp 2.600/ekor untuk ukuran 5-8 cm, dan Rp 50.000/ekor untuk ukuran 8-12 cm, harga tersebut lebih mahal dibandingkan dengan harga pasar ikan Mas Koi di Pulau Jawa yaitu rata-rata Rp 1000/ekor untuk ukuran 3-5 cm, Rp 2.200/ekor untuk ukuran 5-8 cm, dan Rp 40.000/ekor untuk ukuran 8-12 cm. Analisis financial meliputi Net Present Value (NPV), Net Benefit-Cost Ratio (Net B/C), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) dan Payback Period (PP) menunjukkan bahwa usaha budidaya ikan hias Mas Koi di Kota Padang layak untuk dijalankan, karena NPV yang didapat bernilai positif, IRR lebih besar dari DF, Net B/C lebih besar dari 1, serta Payback Period masih berada dalam umur usaha yaitu PP maksimal 2 tahun. Sedangkan, umur ekonomis usaha budidaya adalah maksimal 8 tahun.

Kata kunci : Ikan Mas koi, analisis teknis, analisis ekonomis.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this research was to analyze the proper technic and economic bussines of ornamental Carp fish aquaculture in Padang, West-Sumatera. The Research was conducted during seven months start from August 2015 until March 2016. The location of this research was set on purposive sampling based on the availability of data survey from the fisheries instructor of Padang City. Based on the technical analysis in five locations, we can conclude that four locations of aquaculture bussines are worth to develop.The average price of ornamental Carp fish market in Padang city was IDR 1,200/individual with the size 3-5cm, IDR 2,600/individual with the size 5-8cm, and IDR 50,000/individual with the size 8-12cm, respectively.However, this price is more expensive than Java market with the average price IDR 1000/individual with the size 3-5 cm, IDR 2,200/individual with the size 5-8 cm, and IDR 40,000/invidual with the size 8-12 cm, respectively. The financial analysis includes Net Present Value (NPV), Net Benefit-Cost Ratio (Net B/C), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Payback Period (PP) indicates that aquaculture bussines of ornamental Carp fish in Padang City are eligible to the wide market, due to the NPV has positive value, IRR more bigger than DF, Net B/C more bigger than 1, and Payback Period still below in cost effort with the maximum PP is 2 years. Meanwhile, the maximum of cost effort of aquaculture business is 8 years.

Keywords: Fish Carp, technical analysis, economic analysis.