An Analysis of Directive Speech Act as Found in Hotel Transylvania movie

Abstract

The directive speech act is one type of speech act that commonly happens in daily
conversation. Using directive means that the speaker not only demands information, but also
actions and things. Directive speech acts are related to the relationship between the expectations
of the speaker and the interpretation of the hearer. This study aims at investigating the types of
directive speech act in Hotel Transylvania, in terms of various words used to convey the types of
directive speech act and the types of contexts that influenced the types of directive speech act.
Searle (1969) directive speech act intends to make the hearers to do an action for the
speakers. Searle (1976) said that the types of speech act of direct speech act they are requesting,
suggesting, commanding, and asking. Moreover, the writer also used the theory from Crabtree
(1991) to find out the type of context they are physical context, epistemic context, social context,
and linguistic context.
The method used to analyze the data is qualitative research. The data of this reseach is
Hotel Transylvania movie. The movie was downloaded in internet. Technique of collecting data
carried out in a way : (1) watched and read the printout of movie transcript many times, and
searched types of utterances, (2) crosschecked data to the movie to see the context and
transcripts, (3) uses headset and listen carefully very utterances which have types of directive
form, (4) identifies the speech act whether the data is form types of speech act directive
utterance. Technique of analyzing data carried out in way : (1) analyzing and describing the data,
(2) Interpreting the data based on the theoryin the directive speech acts based on explanation and
description the data, (3) concluding the data based on the result of the research. And technique of
presenting data analysis used informal method.
From the analysis, the results show that the types of directive speech act are suggesting,
commanding, and asking. In this movie, many characters are influenced by directive speech. The
directive speech act of commanding is the dominant type of the writer found. In this movie, the
character uses commanding to make the hearer to do some action. The directive speech act of
requesting, suggesting, and asking the speaker to get some action from the hearer. Finally, it uses
various words depends on the context explained in more detail of events in the data. And it also
used four types of contexts to make each other based on types of directive speech act, they are
physical context, epistemic context, linguistic context, and social context.the writer found that
the dominant context was the epistemic context. Epistemic context refers to the background
knowledge shared by the speakers and the hearers. This context affects the speaker to make the
hearer do some action.
Keywords: speech act, directive speech act, context, Hotel Transylvania.